California Assessment of Student Performance and Progress (CAASPP) Math Practice Exam

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Which of the following best describes the slope of a horizontal line?

Undefined
Positive
Negative
Zero

The correct answer is: Zero

The slope of a horizontal line is described as zero. Slope is defined as the change in the y-coordinate divided by the change in the x-coordinate between two points on a line. For a horizontal line, there is no change in the y-coordinate regardless of how much the x-coordinate changes, meaning that the rise (change in y) is zero while the run (change in x) is some value greater than zero. Since the formula for slope is rise/run, and the rise is zero, the overall slope is zero. This concept is vital in understanding different types of linear equations, as horizontal lines represent constant values of y across all values of x. In practical terms, this often reflects scenarios where a quantity does not change over time or distance, establishing a baseline.